Prevalence of Enterobacteriaceae in Blood Stream Infections and their Resistance Profile: A Brief Study at a Tertiary Care Hospital

Abstract

Introduction: Blood stream infections are the leading complications among the critically ill patients in any hospital setting. Enterobacteriaceae are notoriously involved in the majority of these cases. Also, most of these isolates happen to show resistance to the common drugs available.

Objective: This study aims to review the drug resistance among Enterobacteriaceae family.

Materials and Methods: Observational analysis of Blood Culture reports obtained from the Microbiology Lab Archives was done for a period of 1 year (Jan 2022- Dec 2022). Blood Culture was performed by BacT/ALERT automated System and Anti Microbial Susceptibility testing was done by Kirby Bauer Disc Diffusion method as well as VITEK system.

Results:Out of the 3441 blood culture samples, 505 were positive. There were 155 cases of Gram-Positive bacteria, 114 cases of Candida species and 236 cases of Gram-Negative Bacteria. Out of 236, 151 (64%) were members of Enterobacteriaceae.99 isolates of Klebsiella were reviewed. 92% were resistant to Aminoglycosides, 85% were resistant to one or more Cephalosporins, 84% were resistant to Amoxicillin-Clavulanic acid, 82% were resistant to Carbapenems, 82% were resistant to Tetracyclines, 80% were resistant to Cotrimoxazole, 41% were resistant to Colistin, and 24% were pan drug resistant.

Conclusion: The choice of antibiotic regimen has become increasingly challenging due to the emergence of Multi Drug Resistant organisms especially Enterobacteriaceae (Klebsiella, E. coli, Salmonella).

International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Supplementary Issue 02: 2023 Page: S138-S148